Basic Principles

A thermocouple is a temperature sensor that consists of two different types of metal wires joined together at one end. When the junction of these two metals is heated or cooled, a voltage is created that can be correlated back to the temperature.

How It Works

The working principle is based on the Seebeck effect, discovered by Thomas Johann Seebeck in 1821. When two dissimilar metals are joined together and exposed to different temperatures, they generate a small electrical voltage.

Key Components

Hot Junction

The point where the two different metals are joined and exposed to the temperature being measured

Cold Junction

The reference point where the thermocouple wires connect to the measuring instrument

Extension Wires

Special wires that connect the thermocouple to the measuring instrument

Common Applications

  • Industrial process control
  • HVAC systems
  • Food processing and storage
  • Scientific research
  • Automotive temperature monitoring

Ready to Learn More?

Explore different types of thermocouples and their specific applications.

View Thermocouple Types